The Cabinet of Brunei is comprised of the prime minister (the Sultan), the senior minister, attorney general, Mufti, and cabinet ministers who lead their respective ministries.

Under Brunei's 1959 constitution, His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah, … In 2004 the Sultan made a pronouncement that the 15 members of the Legislative Council would be elected members.Brunei exercises a dual legal system where one legal system practices the English Common Law and the other legal system practices the Islamic Sharia Law. The Melayu Islam Beraja also outlines the authority and powers of the Sultan.

The Sultan of Brunei is the most powerful man because he is both the head of state and the head of government concurrently. There is no jury system in Brunei; a judge or magistrate sits alone to hear a case except for capital punishment cases where two High Court judges will sit. The Legislative Council conducts its sessions in March each year to review various government policies as well as the passing of motions. The Melayu Islam Beraja also outlines the authority and powers of the Sultan.As head of government, the Sultan is the leader of the executive and the head of government. The council also advises the Sultan on the conferring of Malay customary ranks, titles and honours.

What was discussed between both countries, was the demarcation of land boundaries on the whole. The Legislative Council of Brunei is an unicameral parliament. There are currently less than 10 magistrates for the country, all of whom are locals. All magistrates and judges in both the common law courts and the shariah courts are appointed by the Government. The Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court consists of three Judges, all of whom are currently retired British judges. Brunei’s administrative system is centred on the prime minister’s office.

The Melayu Islam Beraja is the national philosophy of Brunei and can be described as the country’s equivalent of a constitution. The Privy Council is mandated to advise the Sultan on revoking and amending provisions of the Melayu Islam Beraja as well as decisions of conferring of customary ranks and titles.The Legislative Council of Brunei is comprised of 33 members who are all appointed by the Sultan. However, these reports were dismissed by Brunei's former Second Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade on 18 March 2009, who clarified that the claim on Limbang was never discussed [with Malaysia]. The order of succession is determined by the Constitution.The Religious Council, known in full as the Brunei Islamic Religious Council (BIRC) advises the Sultan on all matters pertaining to Members of the Religious Council include government ministers, a pengiran cheteria, pehin manteris, state mufti, the Attorney General, the A Council of Ministers, or cabinet, which currently consists of nine members (including the Sultan himself as Prime Minister), perform the day-to-day administrative functions of government.Under the 1959 constitution there was an elected Legislative Council (The Legislative Council currently consists of 20 appointed members, and has only consultative powers. The Sultan has followed a combination of traditional and reforming policies, moving away from a structure of a chief minister and state secretary to a full ministerial system with specified portfolios. All judgments and decisions made by the Council of Succession are based on provisions of the Melayu Islam Beraja.The Religious Council is a body established by the Sultan whose primary role is to advise the Sultan on all Islam-based issues. It deals mainly in Muslim divorce and matters ancillary to a Muslim divorce in its civil jurisdiction and in the offences of The shariah court structure is similar to the common law court structure except that it has no intermediate court and that the Court of Appeal is the final court of appeal.