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A great deal of Brazil’s renewable energy comes from hydroelectric power plants. In Brazil, as the country expands so does the national energy sector. Brazilian renewable energy resources consist of: 39.1% sugarcane and its derivatives, 27.6% hydroelectric power plants, 18.8% vegetal coal and firewood and 14.5% other renewables (solar, wind, biomass, etc). Since the creation of Proinfa, wind energy production in Brazil has increased from 22 MW in 2003 to 2 207 MW in 2013, enough to supply a city with 400 000 homes. Oil is the main source of Brazilian energy, responsible for 39.3% of energy in the country. According to the Brazilian energy balance, 32.9% of the domestic energy supply in 2015 was from renewable sources, such as hydropower, sugar cane products and wind (EPE, 2016).
Ten years later, the government created the Incentive Program for Alternative Sources of Electric Energy, known as Proinfa. 2) The rank that you see is the CIA reported rank, which may have the following issues: In 1986, for example, about 25,000 liters of radioactive water accidentally leaked from the Angra plant. Due to technical problems, the plant has been disabled and it is no longer in operation. Oil is also responsible for supplying thermoelectric plants.
Until now, nuclear power represents only 2.4% of the national production of electricity. Uranium exploration, production and exportation is under state control. At the end of the 1990s and the beginning of the 2000s, Brazil's energy sector underwent market liberalization.
In the year 2000, Brazil started to face a very dry period lowering the river levels and therefore the energy production from hydroelectrics. Energy sources are indispensable for a country’s development. Brazilian coal is characterized by a high metal content and when the waste derived from mining is not correctly disposed of it contributes to Coal production has also affected workers and local communities’ health, increasing the incidence of respiratory diseases and metal-related cancers. Usually, countries with higher incomes hold greater capacity of energy consumption.
In addition to the high costs and low production levels, nuclear power plants are heavily criticized by environmental activists for bringing high risks in case of accidents or leaks and by not establishing a fixed location for the disposal of radioactive waste generated by the plant. Brazil is recognized as a world leader for alternative renewable sources of energy, especially bio-fuel.
On the other hand, many fields are cleared out for the cultivation of these raw materials. Over the years, Brazil diversified its energy matrix. The country with the most renewable energy in the world The total production of all electric energy producing facilities is 1,031 bn kWh, which is 113% of the countries own usage. This data comes from Brazil’s National Energetic Bulletin and are based on 2016 figures. This potential, however, has not yet fully realized as Brazil still suffers from a lack of infrastructure for both generation and distribution. The region's installed electricity generation capacity totaled almost 42,500 MW, which represented about a third of Brazil's generation capacity. A comparison between the world and the Brazilian sources of electricity is as follows: Historically, due to the abundance of hydro resources, Brazil has focused its investments in creating a large, reliable, and resilient infra-structure system for energy generation from hydroelectric power plants. The main petroliferous basins are: Bacia de Campos, the largest in Brazil, Bacia de Santos, Bacia do Espírito Santo and Bacia do Recôncavo Baiano. Brazil is known worldwide for its ample share of renewable sources in its energy production.
In a number of cases national authorities have violated the preventive consensus principle, depriving local communities of their ancestral lands without prior consultation. For 20 years we have operated to catalyse social change, to awaken and feed a new state of ecological awareness, to inspire and promote new business and consumption models for people as well as companies. Later, Angra II and III projects started. Currently, around 200 are in operation and this figure is expected to increase as the national energy system is considered to have deteriorated and needs to be renewed. 3 Table 1: Brazil´s 2026 energy targets Sector 2026 (Mtoe) ∆ 2016-2026 (%) Logwood 16,546 -7% Charcoal 3,877 10% Sugarcane bagasse 37,373 29% Ethanol 20,371 47% Biodiesel 5,901 87% Electricity 63,760 44% Total energy consumption* 308,364 20% Source: Plan for Energy Expansion 2026, table 47 (page 255) and table 45 (page 253) It is estimated that 30% of medical procedures in cities in Santa Catarina State are carried out in response to respiratory problems. Farmers cut down trees, burn land and plant grass for cows. 43.5% of Brazilian consumption is supplied by renewable sources, while 14% of the world consumption is supplied by these same sources. About 90% of oil and gas reserves are located offshore, mainly near the state of Rio de Janeiro. It inaugurated Itaipu, the biggest hydroelectric plant in the world, in 1982 and two years later its first nuclear plant in Rio de Janeiro State. This is mainly due to the large supply of natural resources that enable a stronger presence of these sources in comparison to other countries. The total production of all electric energy producing facilities is 568 bn kWh, which is 112% of the countries own usage. Despite the existence of places where the production of coal is more intense, Brazilian mineral coal is not good quality.